Liviu Maior (born October 2, 1940, in Beclean, Romania) is a distinguished Romanian historian, academic, and diplomat. He served as Minister of Education from 1992 to 1996,   Senator in the Romanian Parliament during the 1996–2003 and Ambassador of Romania to Canada from 2003-2005.

Professor Maior earned his PhD in History from Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca, where he also held various academic positions, including lecturer, associate professor, and full professor. His scholarly work focuses on the modern history of Romania, the movement for the national emancipation of  Romanians in Transylvania in the second half of the 19th century, Romanian soldiers and officers in the Austro-Hungarian Army, the history of border regiments, relations between Romanians and the Habsburgs,  the history of the Romanian elites in Transylvania, etc.

He has authored several influential volumes, including Romanians in the Habsburg Army and Alexandru Vaida-Voevod between Belvedere and Versailles, the latter earning him the Romanian Academy Award in 1993.

He is a Doctor Honoris Causa of several universities and has contributed significantly to Romania’s cultural diplomacy, serving as President of the National UNESCO Commission. His recent work, Romanians in the Third Europe: Loyalty, Revolution, Unity (1848–1918), synthesizes decades of historical research and reflects his enduring commitment to the study of Romanian identity and statehood.